Compound stud to be used in the construction of non-skidding bands and tires.



PATENTED AUG. 18, 1908.

. 0. PAYNE. v COMPOUND STUD TO BE USED IN THE" CONSTRUCTION OF NON-SKIDDING BANDS AND TIRES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 21, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

lllmmu Wilnessem No. 896,145. PATENTED AUG. 18, 1908.

,- 0. PAYNE.

COMPOUND STUD TO BE USED IN THE OONSTRUGTIONOF NON-SKIDDING BANDS AND TIRES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 21 1908;

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CALEB PAYNE, OF ORANBROOK, ENGLAND.

COMPOUND STUD TO BE USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF NON-SKIDDING- BANDS AND TIRES. r

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 18, 1908.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CALEB PAYNE, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing in Cranbrook, Kent, En land, have invented certain new and usefu Improve ments in Compound Studs to be Used in the Construction of Non-skidding Bands and Tires, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in compound studs to be used in the construction of non-skidding bands and tires and it has for its object to provide an improved stud for the purpose specified which may readily be placed in or removed from the band or.tire

5 as the case may be while the said band or tire is upon the wheel.

In carrying the invention into effect I employ an eyelet which is secured in the band or tire and a stud which is secured within the said-eyelet, the eyelet which may be tapered externally 'is provided at one end with an external flange and internally with a conical bore the larger end of which is at the inner or flange bearing end of the eyelet. Provision is made at the opposite end of the eyelet for securing it to the band or the like and comprising a washer through which the end of the eyelet is passed and there riveted, the outer end of the eyelet being reduced and the aperture in the washer being tapered so that the end of the eyelet after the riveting is eflected may be flush with the outer surface of the said washer. Formed within the eyelet are two channels diametrically opposite one another the walls of said channels being parallel and the channels of such depth that they run into the bore of the washer at the inner end, the outer end of the bore presenting an approximately oval outline. The stud, which is provided with a suitable head has a tapering shank the diameter being larger at its outer end, the shank having flat surfaces upon opposite sides so that it is parallel or being of an oval or other cross section to agree with the outline of the bore of the eyelet at its outer end. To secure the stud in the eye let the shank is inserted in the eyelet, and when inserted a partial rotation is given thereby bringing the flat surfaces out of 00- incidence with the channels in the eyelet, and so reventing the withdrawal of the stud. A slotted buckled washer is then driven in between the head of the stud and the end of the eyelet securing said stud against accidental rotation.

against displacement. Fig. 6. is a section of the eyelet. Fig. 7. is a side elevation of the stud. Fig. 8. is'a plan showing an alternate form of the washer secured to the outer end of the eyelet. Fig. 9. is an elevation to an enlarged scale showing an alternate arrangement for preventing the accidentaldisplacement of the washer for holding the stud in .the eyelet. Fig. 10. is a plan of the upper end of the eyelet showing an alternative method of securing the slotted washer. Fig. 11. is a plan of the slotted washer with the projections by which it is secured against displacement. Fig. 12. is a plan showing the washer in position upon the eyelet, the stud being shown in section. Fig. 13. is an enlarged elevation partly in section showing the parts in position on the band or tire. Figs. 14 and 15 are respectively a side and front elevation partly in section showing an alternative method of securing the slotted washer against displacement.

Referring to the accompanying drawings it indicates the band and b an eyelet having at its inner end, that is to say at the end upon the inside of the band a peripheral flange c. The body of the eyelet is preferably formed tapering as shown so as to facilitate its insertion in the band and at its upper end at d it is reduced in diameter to receive a washer 6 having a tapering aperture e so that when in position and the end of eyelet is riveted, the tapering aperture in the eyelet permits the exansion of the metaland so secures the eyelet in the band, at the same time permitting the end of the eyelet to remain flush with the outer surface of the washer. The bore of the eyelet is conical the larger diameter being at the flanged end of the said eyelet and it has formed in it two oppositely disposed channels The walls forming the bottom of the channels are parallel as shown in Fig. 6. the

outer end of the bore presenting an approximately oval outline as shown in Fig. 3. The

5 stud is provided with a head 9 and has a ta- I pering 'shankh t-he larger diameter of which is located at the opposite end to that bearing the head. The shank of the stud is provided at opposite sides with flat surfaces 1'. so that it v presents at its larger end an outline corresponding with that'of the outer end'of the bore of the eyelet. The dimensions of the shank are such that it'may be readily inserted in the eyelet from the outer .end and when inserted a sufficient distance rotated so as to bring the said shank .at its end clear .ofthe channels in the eyelet in which position the end comes'into contact with theconica'l porthereon. The washer is driven in between T the head of the stud and the end of the eyelet and to facilitate its insertion I may slightly taper it at the points is Fig. 5. I may also in order to increase the resistance offered to its remova'lslightly bend it .so that its limbs are not in the same plane, thus giving the efiect of a spring washer.

In order to insure the retention of thestud in the eyelet I may instead of employin the arrangement just described substitute therefor an arrangement such as-that shown in Figs. 8 and 9., In this case the washer e secured to the upper end of the eyelet is provided with a D, shaped opening 6 engaging the reduced portion (1 of the eyelet .b which is of corresponding peripheral outline as shown in Fig. 8. The upper end of the eyelet when the washer is placed in position is riveted or expanded so that the removal of the said washer e is prevented. The washer has a.

portion of its periphery removed as shown at e and is of tapering thickness. In place of a washer such as j before referred to I employ a washer 3' which is also of tapering thickness and which washer has its thinner portion upon the slotted side thereof and is adapted to be driven under the head 9 in order to secure the stud in the eyelet. The

portions of the washer adjacent the open end i of slot 3' are turned or bent downwards against the part 6* thus effectually preventing the accidental withdrawal of the washer 3' at the same time permitting it to be readily removed when desired by straightening the turned over portion e. With this object in view the washer may be'folmed of some comparatively soft metal such for example as brass which possesses the additional advantage that it is not affected by moisture.

As an alternative to the above arrangement I may provide the washer 0 with a vertical projection a which projection, is ar ran e a of t e periphery of said washer as shown in in the center of the straight portion .6

Figs. 10 and "12. The width of the projection a is substantially equal to the width of In order to secure the eyelet I in Figs. 14 and 15..

' should it become loose.

The ends of the limbs of washer j are each provided with an internal projection 7' and in order to permit the passage of the stud and the projection e when the washer is being driven home the limbs are opened as shown. When the washer j is in position the limbs of the said washer are forced together so that they are then behind projection a as shown in Figs. 12 to 15, thus effectually securing the washer j against accidental displacement, at the same time when it is desired to remove the washer j this may be readily effected by separating the limbs of the said washer so as to leave .a clear passage for the projection 6 The washers are pref erably tapered as in the former instance and as an additional precaution the ends of the washer y'may be turned downwards as shown It will be evident that although the perforation in the washer e is referred to as of D shaped outline that any other outline may be employed calculated to ofier resistance to the turning of the washer The upper end of the eyelet will of course be accordingly shaped to engage the Washer. The Washer itself may also be of any suitable outline than that referred to and it may be in some cases parallel, the underside of the head of the stud being inclined to agree with the taper on the movable washer.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same. is to be p.er' formed I declare that what I claim is;

l. A stud for non-skidding bands or tires comprising an eyelet having at one end a peripheral collar and .at "the other end being reduced to receive a washer riveted to the eyelet to secure it in the band .or tire, said eyelet having a tapered bore provided with oppositely disposed longitudinal channels and astud having a suitable head and a tapering body of a width such as to permit its introduction into the eyelet through the channels, said bodybeing designed to engag the bore of the eyelet, and means for preventing the displacement of the stud.

2. A stud for non-skidding bands or tires comprising an eyelet having at one" end a peripheral collar and at the other end being 1 reduced to receive a washer riveted to theeyelet to secure it in the band or tire said eyelet having a tapered bore provided with o 5 positely disposed longitudinal channels an a stud having a suitable head and a tapering stud against displacement.

of the 3. A stud for non-skidding bands or tires comprising an eyelet secured in the band or tire provided with a tapered bore having oppositely disposed longitudinal channels and a stud having a suitable head and a shank tapered to agree with the bore of the eyelet, said shank having oppositely disposed flattened parallel surfaces thereon and means for securing the stud against displacement.

4. A stud for non-skidding bands or tires com rising an eyelet having a tapered bore and having at one end a flange and at the other reduced to receive a washer secured to the eyelet, said washer presenting a D shaped outline, a tapered bore in the eyelet having oppositely disposed longitudinal channels and a tapered stud having a suitable head and adapted to be inserted into the eyelet and to engage the tapered Wall thereof, and a slotted washer designed to be inserted between the top of the eyelet and the head of the stud its limbs being bent or turned downwards against the edge of the washer upon the eyelet.

5. A stud for non-skiddin bands or tires comprising an eyelet rovidedI at one end with a flange and secure in the band or tire by means of a washer attached to the opposite end, a tapered bore in said eyelet having oppositely disposed longitudinal channels, a stud having a tapered shank designed to engage the bore of the eyelet and provided with a suitable head and a slotted washer having its limbs sprung or twisted and tapered, said washer being driven in between the top of the eyelet and the head of the stud.

6. A stud for non-skidding bands or tires comprising an eyelet having a flange at one end and secured in position by means of a washer of wedge shaped section riveted to the opposite end, a tapered bore in said eyelet having oppositely disposed longitudinal channels formed therein, a stud having a suitable head and a tapering body designed to engage the bore of'the eyelet and a slotted washer of tapering section, the direction of the taper being opposed to that of the washer upon the eyelet, said washer being driven in between the top of the eyelet and the head of the stud.

7. A stud for non-skidding bands or tires comprising an eyelet having a flange at one end and secured in (position by means of a washer of D shape outline and of wedge shaped section riveted to the opposite end, a tapered bore in said eyelet having oppositely disposed longitudinal channels formed therein, a stud having a suitable head and a taperin body designed to engage the bore of the eye et and a slotted washer of tapering section, the direction of the taper being opposed to that of the washer upon the eyelet, said washer being driven in between the top of the eyelet and the head of the stud and the limbs bent or turned downwards against the edge of the washer forming the top of the stud.

8. In a stud for non-skidding bands or tires the combination with a flanged eyelet having a tapered bore and a stud having a suitable head and'a body designed 'to engage the eyelet of a washer said washer being riveted or otherwise secured to the eyelet and provided with a projection engaging a slot in a washer adapted to be driven in between the under surface of the head of the stud and the upper surface of the eyelet, said stud having projections in the slot which when the limbs of the washer are compressed are disposed behind the projection upon the washer fixed to the eyelet.

9. In a stud-for non-skidding bands or tires the combination with a flanged eyelet having a tapered bore and a stud having a suitable head and a body designed to engage the bore of the eyelet, of a washer of D shaped outline and provided with a D shaped er foration said washer being riveted or ot erwise secured to the eyelet and provided with a projection engaging a slot in a washer adapted to be driven in between the under surface of the head of the stud and the upper surface of the eyelet and the limbs bent or turned downwards against the edge of the washer forming the to of the stud.

In witness whereof have hereunto signed my name in the presence of the two undersigned witnesses.

CALEB PAYNE.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM T. FoREMAN, ARCHIBALD L. SPARKS. 

